ALP -血液测试

定义

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a protein found in all body tissues. Tissues with higher amounts of ALP include the liver, 胆汁 导管和骨头.

A blood test can be done to measure the level of ALP.

A related test is the ALP isoenzyme test.

Alternative Names

Alkaline phosphatase

How the Test is Performed

A blood sample is needed. Most of the time, blood is drawn from a vein located on the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand.

How to Prepare for the Test

Many medicines can interfere with blood test results.

• Your health care provider will tell you if you need to stop taking any medicines before you have this test.
• DO NOT stop or change your medicines without talking to your provider first.

How the Test will Feel

You may feel slight pain or a sting when the needle is inserted. You may also feel some throbbing at the site after the blood is drawn.

Why the Test is Performed

This test may be done:

• To diagnose liver or bone disease
• To check if treatments for those diseases are working
• To check for side effects from medicines

正常的结果

The normal range is 44 to 147 international units per liter (IU/L) or 0.73 to 2.45 microkatal per liter (µkat/L).

Normal values may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory. They also can vary with age and sex. High levels of ALP are normally seen in children undergoing growth spurts and in pregnant women.

The examples above show the common measurements for results for these tests. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal results may be due to the following conditions:

Higher-than-normal ALP levels

• Biliary obstruction
• 骨骼疾病
• Eating a fatty meal if you have blood type O or B
• 治疗骨折
• 肝炎
• Hyperparathyroidism
• 甲状腺机能亢进
• 白血病
• 肝脏疾病
• 淋巴瘤
• Osteoblastic bone tumors
• 骨软化
• 佩吉特病 的骨头
• 结节病

Lower-than-normal ALP levels

• 碱性磷酸酶过少
• 甲状腺功能减退
• 营养不良
• 恶性贫血
• 蛋白质 缺乏
• 威尔逊的疾病
• 缺锌

Other conditions for which the test may be done:

• Alcoholic liver disease (hepatitis/cirrhosis)
• Alcohol use disorder
• Biliary stricture
• 胆结石
• Giant cell (temporal, cranial) arteritis
• Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) II
• 胰腺炎
• Renal cell carcinoma

参考文献

Fogel EL, Sherman S. Diseases of the gallbladder and 胆汁 ducts. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 146.

Korenblat KM, Berk PD. Approach to the patient with jaundice or abnormal liver tests. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 138.

马丁P. Approach to the patient with liver disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 137.

Pincus MR, Abraham NZ, Bluth M. Interpreting laboratory results. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 9.