阴囊 超声波

定义

阴囊 超声波 is an imaging test that looks at the 阴囊. 阴囊 is the flesh-covered sac that hangs between the legs at the base of the penis and contains the testicles.

The testicles are the male reproductive organs that produce sperm and the hormone 睾酮. They are located in the 阴囊, along with other small organs, blood vessels, and a small tube called the vas deferens.

Alternative Names

睾丸 超声波; 睾丸 sonogram

How the Test is Performed

You lie on your back with your legs spread. The health care provider drapes a cloth across your thighs under the 阴囊 or applies wide strips of adhesive tape to the area. The scrotal sac will be slightly raised with the testicles lying side by side.

A clear gel is applied to the scrotal sac to help transmit the sound waves. A handheld probe (the 超声波 transducer) is then moved over the 阴囊 by the technologist. The 超声波 machine sends out high-frequency sound waves. These waves reflect off areas in the 阴囊 to create a picture.

How to Prepare for the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test.

How the Test will Feel

There is little discomfort. The conducting gel may feel slightly cold and wet.

Why the Test is Performed

A testicle 超声波 is done to:

• Help determine why one or both testicles have become larger
• Look at a mass or lump in one or both of the testicles
• Find the reason for pain in the testicles
• Show how blood flows through the testicles

正常的结果

The testicles and other areas in the 阴囊 appear normal.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Possible causes of abnormal results include:

• Collection of very small veins, called a 精索静脉曲张
• 感染或 脓肿
• Noncancerous (benign) 囊肿
• Twisting of the testicle that blocks blood flow, called testicular torsion
• 睾丸 肿瘤

风险

There are no known risks. You will not be exposed to radiation with this test.

注意事项

In certain cases, Doppler 超声波 may help identify blood flow inside the 阴囊. This method can be helpful in cases of testicular torsion because blood flow to the twisted testicle may be reduced.

参考文献

Gilbert BR, Fulgham PF. Urinary tract imaging: basic principles of urologic ultrasonography. In: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 4.

欧文CA. 阴囊. In: Hagen-Ansert SL, ed. Textbook of Diagnostic Sonography. 8日艾德. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018:chap 23.

Sommers D, Winter T. 阴囊. In: Rumack CM, Levine D, eds. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 22.