24小时尿量

定义

The 尿液 24-hour volume test measures the amount of 尿液 produced in a day. The amounts of creatinine, 蛋白质, and other chemicals released into the 尿液 during this period are usually tested as well.

选择的名字

Urine volume; 24-hour 尿液 collection; Urine 蛋白质 - 24 hour

How the Test is Performed

对于这个测试, you must urinate into a special bag or container every time you use the toilet for a 24-hour period.

• On day 1, urinate into the toilet when you get up in the morning.
• Afterward, collect all 尿液 in a special container for the next 24 hours.
• On day 2, urinate into the container when you get up in the morning.
• 盖上容器盖. Keep it in the refrigerator or a cool place during the collection period.
• Label the container with your name, the date, the time of completion, and return it as instructed.

婴儿:

Thoroughly wash the area around the urethra (the hole where 尿液 flows out). Open a 尿液 collection bag (a plastic bag with an adhesive paper on one end).

• For males, place the entire penis in the bag and attach the adhesive to the skin.
• For females, place the bag over the two folds of skin on either side of the vagina (labia). Put a diaper on the baby (over the bag).

Check the infant often, and change the bag after the infant has urinated. Empty the 尿液 from the bag into the container provided by your health care provider.

An active infant can cause the bag to move. It may take more than one try to collect the sample.

When finished, label the container and return it as instructed.

How to Prepare for the Test

Certain drugs can also affect the test results. Your provider may tell you to stop taking certain medicines before the test. Never stop taking medicine without first talking to your provider.

The following may also affect test results:

• 脱水
• Dye (contrast media) if you have a radiology scan within 3 days before the 尿液 test
• 情绪压力
• Fluid from the vagina that gets into the 尿液
• 剧烈运动
• 尿路感染

考试的感觉如何

The test involves only normal urination and there is no discomfort.

为什么要进行测试

You may have this test if there are signs of damage to your kidney function on blood, 尿液, 或者影像学检查.

Urine volume is normally measured as part of a test that measures the amount of a substances passed in your 尿液 in a day, 如:

• 肌酸酐
• 钠
• 钾
• 尿素氮
• 蛋白质

This test may also be done if you have polyuria (abnormally large volumes of 尿液), such as is seen in people with 尿崩症.

正常的结果

The normal range for 24-hour 尿液 volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day).

The examples above are common measurements for results of these tests. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.

What Abnormal Results Mean

导致疾病的原因 尿量减少 include dehydration, not enough fluid intake, or some types of chronic kidney disease.

Some of the conditions that cause 尿量增加 包括:

• 糖尿病 insipidus - renal
• 糖尿病 insipidus - central
• 糖尿病
• 高液体摄入量
• Some forms of kidney disease
• Use of diuretic medicines

参考文献

Landry DW, Bazari H. Approach to the patient with renal disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 106.

还詹. Disorders of water balance. In: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 11日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 15.