腰椎 狭窄

迹象 & 症状

Frequently, people afflicted with lumbar stenosis have varying degrees of low back pain.

The pain most often occurs during activities and may get worse when walking, 站立或向后倾斜. Some pain relief may occur when resting, sitting or bending forward.

Other 症状, which typically occur in the lower back, 臀部, 腿和脚, are:

• 抽筋
• 麻木
• 刚度
• 弱点

In severe cases, the condition can impact continence and sexual function.

诊断

十大赌博平台排行榜使用两种检查来诊断椎管狭窄. Some of the tests are aimed at making sure there isn't another cause producing the 症状. 其他可以表明椎体狭窄已经发生. 在问了你的症状之后, 你的十大赌博平台排行榜可能会检查你的反应, 步态和其他脊椎问题的指标.

测试包括:

• x射线 高能辐射被用来拍摄脊椎的照片.
• 磁共振成像(MRI) An MRI provides detailed pictures of the spine that are produced with a powerful magnet linked to a computer.
• 计算机断层扫描(CT) A CT scan uses a thin x射线 beam that rotates around the spine area. A computer processes data to construct a three-dimensional, cross-sectional image.
• 脊髓x光像 This is an x射线 of your spine taken after a special dye has been injected into the spinal column. It can show pressure on the spinal cord or problems with discs or vertebrae.

治疗

The initial treatment for stenosis is to treat the 症状 rather than the condition itself. 这些治疗包括:

• Medication such as aspirin or ibuprofen to relieve inflammation and pain
• 休息
• 物理治疗
• 姿态变化, such as lying with the knees drawn up to the chest or leaning forward while walking, 可以缓解神经压力吗
• 减肥
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and relieve pain
• 颈套

如果几个月的治疗仍未改善症状, 如果狭窄很严重, 手术拓宽椎管可能是必要的. 因为骨头会继续退化, additional treatment may be needed several years after even successful surgery. 用于治疗狭窄的手术包括:

• 颈椎前路椎间盘切除术和融合术 A small incision in the front of the neck is used to access the upper spine. The ruptured or herniated disc is removed and replaced with a small bone plug, 它最终会连接两个相邻的椎骨.
• 颈Corpectomy Part of the vertebra and discs are removed and replaced with a bone graft or a metal plate and screws to support the spine.
• 得到Laminectory The roof of the vertebrae, called the lamina, is surgically removed. The procedure also may include removing part of the disc or fusing the vertebrae (spinal fusion).
• Foramenotomy The area where nerve roots leave the spinal canal, called the foramen, is removed. This procedure can be performed using a minimally invasive approach with an endoscope, an instrument that allows the surgeon to see inside the body through a tiny incision. The surgeon can then use other tiny incisions to perform the surgery, avoiding the discomfort and muscle atrophy associated with the traditional open technique that uses a large incision.
• 板成形术 The compressive bone in the back of the neck is gently lifted off of the spinal cord creating a new "roof" over the spinal cord and nerve roots. This procedure effectively decompresses the spinal cord over multiple segments without the need for fusion or hardware. It also minimizes the chance of spinal instability or deformity that may result from the traditional laminectomy procedure.
• Laminotomy 只有一小部分椎板被切除.
• 内侧Facetectomy Part of the bone structure in the spinal canal, called the facet, is removed.
• 颈椎间盘置换术 A new technology that will be undergoing clinical trials at UCSF Medical Center. 而不是融合受影响的区域, the natural disc material is replaced with a metal and plastic prosthesis that maintains or restores the motion segment. This will hopefully prevent degeneration of the next disc level.